Every year, millions of people are facing skin diseases of different nature. They can be infectious and non-infectious. Very often, (perfectly healthy at first sight, people), diagnosis – psoriasis. It occurs in different parts of the body, can be of different intensity. He is worried about sick people and their surrounding, from the time that people fear the contagion. Consider, what is psoriasis, its causes, symptoms and treatment methods.
What is psoriasis
The psoriasis on the skin – the disease is chronic in nature, is not transmitted from person to person. Previously, this diagnosis was considered food inflammation of the skin, but today its call to the psoriasis disease, due to the fact that she has a systemic nature, i.e. it occurs because of a failure in the endocrine system, immune system, nervous system.
The mechanism of development of psoriasis on the body
Not to note the hearth, the disease is impossible, because in that area of the body appear burning, itching sensation and redness and exfoliate the skin. Each person, in the face of a diagnosis, she begins to feel uncomfortable when it comes to people, because the disease disfigures the affected area of the body.
The mechanism of development consists in the fact that the cells of the skin die after 4-5 days, but not detached, but are formed in papules and begin to flake, causing an inflammatory process. The disease is not transmitted to the touch, then outbreaks will not happen. The appearance of psoriasis a bundle with the hyperactivity of immune T-lymphocytes.
Usually the disease appears to be genetically predisposed to her people:
- If one of the parents has the predisposition to the disease, the probability of the occurrence of this diagnosis in the child – 25%.
- If you have 2 parents – 65%.
Psoriasis can occur at any age, even if in my childhood, there was no sign of his presence. Triggers can become an antibiotic treatment, alcohol, stress, skin injury, beri-beri.
Causes, symptoms and treatment of psoriasis
Even if, the disease – psoriasis affects people in the course of the centuries, its primary source is not yet installed. The disease can affect anyone, even without a predisposition to the development of a disease.
The doctors have presented such theories regarding the causes of the onset of psoriasis:
- Viral.
- The immune system.
- Infectious.
- Genetics.
- Caused by metabolic disorders.
Each of these causes can trigger an outbreak of disease, localized in any part of the body: head, hands (especially on the elbows), legs and also psoriasis appears underneath the breast and on the belly.
Because the person occurs psoriasis: theory viral
Scientists in search of the reasons for the development of psoriasis found changes in the peripheral lymph nodes, which is the sign of a viral form of the disease.
The doctors believe that the retroviruses, genetic diseases through, are the reason for the activation of psoriasis, but to prove it, you need to:
- Highlight of the retrovirus and its identification.
- Determine the environment of life.
- Study it carefully, that is not under the power of modern medicine.
The retroviruses have the ability to change the genetic structure of man, through the synthesis of DNA and of the instruction "falsum progressio". This factor is still under study by the doctors, but with the transfusion of blood from a patient with psoriasis to a healthy, had never noticed the emergence of a disease, the second, which puts this theory into question.
Immune dysfunction
Disorders of the immune system the field of impact on many structures of the body, but the experts noticed that when it is displayed, sinusitis, tonsillitis, etc. autoimmune diseases, pathological outbreaks have worsened.
The first appearance of psoriasis, the doctors believe that the primary source is the autoimmune aggression.
There have been many diagnostic events, exploring the patients appearance de microabscesses Munro, introduced, following detours:
- Immunoglobulins.
- Antibodies.
- The immune complex.
The inflammatory process of the skin caused the psoriasis increases the sensitivity of the epidermis, especially in places affected chemical or physical way. Then, there is an increase in the size of skin rashes and irritation. During the course of the research, experts have identified antibodies to antigenic components and the same antigens, absent the people who do not have the predisposition to the disease.
Infectious disease theory
It is believed that the causes of psoriasis are directly related with the infection. The aggravation of the disease often close people who fall in the hospital, despite the fact that of pathogenic fungi and microorganisms is not detected. Judging according to scientists, psoriasis on the background infectious defeat appears, in consequence, the admission of pulses to the autonomic nervous and the endocrine system, which causes a change of the structures of the body on the ground of a dysfunction of the immune system.
Also allergo-theory infectious, characterized by an allergic reaction to viruses, micro-organisms and their discharge toxic, but officially, this theory has not yet been confirmed.
The theory of genetic
This theory suggests that psoriasis is passed on from parents to children, and also from neighbors and distant relatives.
This is due to the fact that most of the people who have submitted an application in the skin-veins a dispensary with psoriasis have this disease in history dear in 3-5 generations, but in the name of a disease is strictly genetic is not possible, as it occurs on the background of a complex of violations:
- Changes in the enzymatic, lipid, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism.
- The immune, endocrine, autonomic dysfunction.
- Of infectious diseases and viral infections.
Abnormalities in the metabolism
Disorders of metabolism, are the source of many diseases.
In the psoriasis studies show:
- High cholesterol
- The temperature below the norm.
In this case, the experts assess the psoriasis, such as cholesteric diathesis, because it does not correct the lipid metabolism causes the appearance of the skin of keratinization.
In addition, the clinical picture of the patient may have the following indicators:
- Violation vitamins gearbox unit B6/12, And, With this amount of vitamin c in the body more than it should.
- The lack or excess of zinc, copper, and iron.
These factors reduce the adaptability of man and promote the appearance of diabetes mellitus, which often accompanies psoriasis.
Where else has caught the disease – psoriasis (for other reasons):
- Stress.
- The acclimatization.
- The vaccination.
- The allergy.
- Female hormonal disorders.
- Burns, wounds, bites.
- Use of drugs and alcohol.
- Hypothermia.
- The abuse of certain products.
- Food poisoning.
Psoriasis can appear in any person, regardless of age or sex, but compared to before it appears, the more it inflicts on the patient's body damages and changes the quality of his life.
The first signs of psoriasis
Initially the disease manifests itself in the form of a small subject to scaling, papules, localized in the area formerly affected area of the skin. In the initial phase to psoriasis can have a gradual or sudden development of the character. Below is appeared on the skin pinkish nodules in a while I itch, burn and are starting to getting nervous or scaly crust. Ill try to comb through outbreaks pathological, because it brings relief, but even more traumatic to the dermis. Hairstyle psoriasis risk that the disease spreads to the surrounding tissue, therefore, the appearance of the first symptoms, you should immediately contact a doctor.
The first signs of psoriasis, representing a precipitation on those parts of the body:
- The inguinal folds.
- Head.
- Tibia.
- The lower part of the back.
- Abdomen (under breast).
- Nails/fingers.
- The hands, legs, (knees, elbows, hands, feet).
To facilitate the diagnosis of psoriasis, experts have divided the disease into several forms, with their own symptoms and individual localization. For example:
- The symptoms of psoriasis-plaque shape, and are marked red depilatus papules, with clear boundaries. Usually you are in the area of the head, back, elbows and knees.
- When the tear psoriasis, the symptoms are completely different. To the affected area occurs a lot of small spots or pimples, sensitive to pressure them stands out the clear liquid. Usually occur with the backs of the hands and stop.
It's lightweight and the form of psoriasis. Their development does not cause a temperature rise, joint pain, chills. However, it is necessary to treat any form of disease, because if you do not use the therapy with the appearance of the first signs of psoriasis can help the joints, the plate of the nail, and mucous membranes.
To find out how the disease in the initial stages, look at the photo and signa developing on the skin psoriasis.
The typical signs of psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis refers to severe psoriasis. Then the illness affects the joints, which leads to their deformation, and so on, partial or total erectile dysfunction. In the initial phase, the disease is localized, in the matter of the arrest and the hands, and then transferred to the vertebral segments post and large joints. Then, as the joints increase in volume, they start to hurt.
For the examination, the doctor pays particular attention to these factors:
- There is a genetic predisposition to psoriasis.
- Swelling of the joints.
- The syndrome of the pain when you walk, you touch the objects.
- The limitation of mobility.
- Stiffness of the joints (during the day and in the morning).
In addition, the specialist will prescribe the analysis. In the first place, he needs to make sure that the pain in the joints, caused the psoriasis. For this patient, it is necessary to pass the test for rheumatoid factor. If the result is negative, then, the doctor will make the diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis.
The first signs of psoriasis nails
Initial signs of destruction of the nail plate psoriasis are identical to the fungus. Then around the perimeter of the nail, it is possible to note the point or the longitudinal streaks. They can appear on 1 nail or all at once, but the beginning of a change close the the of the nail plate.
If not treated, the disease:
- Goes to the root.
- The nail becomes inflamed, thickens and fades.
- Around the nail formed the red edge of the skin.
This is the risk that, as a result of the nail can simply peel off from the skin or become similar to a claw of a bird, as the disease affects not only the coverage of the skin, but also the nerve endings.
The treatment of psoriasis
Cure psoriasis is completely impossible, since the disease is chronic. The most that doctors can do – prescribe drug therapy, which creates a strong remission of the disease.
For medicinal purposes, prescribe medicines local destination. Promote the infiltration of the skin, reduces flaking and resolve the inflammatory process, entailing an itching sensation.
These medications include ointments and creams that contain within them:
- Dithranol.
- Salicylic acid.
- Sulphur.
- Urea.
In addition, the experts prescribed local glucocorticoids and lotions appropriate for the treatment of the scalp.
On the usefulness of therapy is influenced by many factors:
- The age of the patient.
- The primary manifestation of the disease, or aggravation.
- As it progresses the inflammation.
- Where is localized the lesion.
- The duration of the disease.
- The form In which it manifests itself etc
On the receiving specialist will examine the patient, collect medical history and prescribe a biopsy of the affected area.
After receiving the results, apply the treatment methods.
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In the progressive phase of hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs: During the exacerbations, and a considerable inflammation, fluorinated tools: |
Data drugs in 70% of cases allow you to eliminate inflammation, rashes, and, in a matter of 2 weeks of treatment of psoriasis. |
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Glucocorticoid negalogenizirovannam type: |
The funds are very much required for the treatment of the elderly and children, because the exception of their composition, fluorine and chlorine to reduce the likelihood of onset of an allergic reaction. |
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Creams and ointments on the basis of dithranol: |
Have antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory. Often cause allergies in the form of local itching and swelling. Their prescribed in increasing dosage for the short-term treatment. |
In addition to these techniques there are other, not less effective, but they must collect only the doctor. Do not choose the right therapy can worsen the patient's condition and cause a progressive inflammatory process against the background of an allergic reaction, so not worth experimenting with the drugs. They must also be continually changing, because the body becomes accustomed to the effects of medications and the effectiveness of the therapy is gradually reduced.